The following article is available through  www.academia.edu A POLITICAL HISTORY OF MODERN GREECE 1821-2018 by Aristides Hatzis Department of History & Philosophy of Science,  National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece Excerpt from article: Modern Greece has a history of almost two centuries. During these centuries, the country managed to move from the backwaters of Europe to a prosperous liberal democracy before economic crisis hit the country hard in 2010. Greece was founded after a War of Independence from the Ottoman Empire that was based on liberal and democratic principles. This left a political legacy which led to universal male suffrage as early as 1844 and one of the longest parliamentary histories in Europe, despite the tumultuous political life and brief periods of authoritarian regimes. The nineteenth century was a period of a slow modernization of the country (in infrastructure and institutions) but is was also suffocated by ...

THE TURKISH POPULATIONS IN GREEK LANDS BEFORE AND AFTER 1821 6th and 7th International Population Exchange and Balkan-Turkish Culture Investigation Congress Proceedings Samsun / /Turkey 08-09 December 2012 / 05-06 October 2013 made available online through www.academia.edu https://www.academia.edu/37912764/The_Turkish_Populations_in_Greek_Lands_before_and_after_1821_pdf

NATIONAL HISTORIES, NATURAL STATES; Nationalism and the Politics of Place by Robert Shannan Peckham Published by I. B. Tauris Publishers, London, New York - 2001 ----- I was initially interested in this book because of the section in Chapter 2 --  2.4 The Reorganization of the Land (after the War for Independence).  I was specifically interested in how the land was distributed to the citizens after the war.  Below is an excerpt from that section. "During the early years of the Greek Revolution, confiscated Turkish holdings were claimed by the Greek government as "national estates" to be exploited as collateral for foreign loans, although no coherent policy was formulated to justify this appropriation of land.  It was not until much later in the nineteenth century - not, in fact, until after 1871 - that the Greek government took some effective measure in distributing the national estates.  According to one British writer in 1854 "the cultivators of ...