"An Historical Sketch of the Greek Revolution" by Samuel G. Howe - 1828 - FREE ebook


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by Samuel Gridley Howe, M.D. was published by White, Gallaher & White, New York in 1828

CONTENTS

Preface
Introduction
INDEX

BOOK FIRST

Chapter I.
Causes of the Insurrection – Spread of knowledge among the Greeks – Commerce – Many Greeks serve in European Armies – The Armatoli – Klefts – Fanariotes – Hetaria, or Conspiracy among the Greeks – Rebellion of the Ali Pashaw of Albania – Sultan calls in the Suliotes to assist him against Ali Pashaw – Suliotes form a league with the Ali, quit the army of the Sultan, and commence Hostilities

Chapter II.
The Hetarists select Ipselanti to excite and head the Insurrection – He crosses the Pruth – His feeble efforts not well seconded by the People – News of his Movement reach the Peloponessus – Germanos raises the Standard of Revolt – Enthusiastic rush to Arms – Reception of the news in the Ionian Islands – Colocotroni goes to the Peloponessus – Insurrection in the Islands of the Archipelago – Steps taken by the Porte on hearing of the Revolt – Murder of the Patriarch – Massacres – Suliotes – The Lieutenant of Kourchad Pashaw crosses to the Peloponessus – Disperses the Insurgents from Patras, Greeks get the advantage over the Laiotes – Colocotroni defeats Mohammed Bey – Insurgents surround Tripolitza – First Cruise of the Greek Fleet.

Chapter III.
Extension of the Insurrection – Assembly at Calamata – Arrival of Demetrius Ipselanti at Hydra – His Character – Blockade of Navarino – Monembasia – Tripolitza – Second Cruise of the Fleet – Its state – Destruction of Aivala – Blockade of Athens – Greeks take the lower town.

Chapter IV.
Blockage of Tripolitza continued – State of the Army – Battle of Kaki Scarlar – Fall of Malvasia – Commencement of Parties – Ipselanti’s demands – Commission refuses them, and he leaves the Camp – Is called back – Assembly at Varochova – Result of the Revolt in Moldavia and Wallachia – Arrival of Alexander Mavrocordato – His Character – Goes to insurge Aetolia – Siege of Navarino – Massacre of the Turks – Death of Constantine Mavromichalis – Plan of the Turkish Campaign – Fleet leaves the Dardanelles - Threatens Samos – Appears on the coast of the Morea – Particulars of the Siege of Tripolitza – Sufferings of the Turks – Arrival of Col. Gordon – Plan of Colocotroni to get rid of Ipselanti.

Chapter V.
Ipselanti leaves the Camp – Progress of the Siege of Tripolitza – Bobolina – Proposals of Terms – Truce – Shameful conduct of the Greek Chiefs – Assault – Town carried – Horrors of the Assault – Ipselanti returns to Tripolitza – His Proclamation – Progress of the Insurrection in Macedonia – Proceedings of Mavrocordato – Convention of the National Assembly

BOOK SECOND

Chapter I.
Review of the progress of the Insurrection – First National Assembly – Declaration of Independence – Constitution – First Government – Plan of Turkish Campaign – Military Geography of Greece – Citadel of Corinth surrenders to the Greeks – Outrages upon the Prisoners – Policy of the British Ionian Government – Proceedings of the Greek Government – Its Declaration to the Allied Monarchs.

Chapter II.
The President Mavrocordato prepares to invade Epirus – Pushes on to Komboti – Desperate situation of Suli – Marco Motzaris flies to relieve it – Is forced back – Greeks are defeated at Peta – Mavrocordato retreats – Evacuates Arcanania – Kuriekuli Mavromichalis killed at Fanari – Mainotes retreat – Situation and defence of the Suliotes – Are reduced to extremities – Mavrocordato falls back upon Missilonghi

Chapter III.
Scio – The peaceable character of its Inhabitants – Forced into revolt by the Samiotes – Blockade the Governor of the Island and all the Turks in the Citadel! – Capitan Pashaw appears – Greeks defeated – Massacres – Capitan Pashaw leaves Scio – Attacked by the Greek Fleet – Attacked and burnt by Canaris – Siege of Athens – The Acropolis surrenders to the Greeks – Massacre of Turkish Prisoners

Chapter IV.
Situation of Napoli di Romania – Blockaded by the Greeks – Turks capitulate – Advance of the army of Drami Ali Pashaw – He takes Corinth from the Greeks – Advances to Argos, and relieves Napoli – Is harassed on the plain by the Greeks – Retreats – Is attacked in the Passes – Slaughter of the Turks – Character of Niketas, the Turcophagus

Chapter V.
Ulysses – Drami Ali Pashaw attempts to regain the Argolis – is defeated – Conduct of Yussuf Pashaw – Londos forces three thousand Turks to surrender – Close Blockade of Napoli continued – Captain Pashaw attempts to relieve it – is repulsed – Canaris burns the ship of the Capitan Pashaw at Tenedos – Napoli di Romania surrendered to the Greeks – Suliotes forced to abandon Suli – Resistance of Marco Botzaris – Turks besiege Missilonghi – Assault it on Christmas eve – Missilonghi reinforced – Turks retreat

BOOK THIRD

Chapter I.
Review of the Progress of Events – Parties – National Assembly at Astros – Military Party gets the ascendancy – Invasion of Western Greece – Marco Botzaris defeats a body of Turks at Creonero – Attacks the Army of Mustapha Pashaw at midnight – is victorious, and slain – Turks penerate to Anatolico – Blockade of that place – Its defence – Turks repulsed – Mavrocordato arrives

Chapter II.
Turkish Operations in Greece – Opposed by Ulysses – Siege of Corinth – It surrenders to the Greeks – Proceedings of the Fleet – Character of Miaulis – Notice of the Island of Hydra – Skirmish between the Fleets – Turkish Corvette destroyed, and Turks retire.

Chapter III.
Candia – Revolt in that Island – Tombazi appointed to direct it – Turkish cruelties – Interference of Egypt – Notice of the life, genius, and power of Mehemet Ali, Viceroy of Egypt – Jealousies between the Greek Senate and the Executive Body – Violence of the Executive – Senate appoints a new Executive – Civil Dissensions – Mavrocordato resumes the Government of Western Greece – Considerations on the progress of the Revolt

BOOK FOURTH

Chapter I.
Arrival of Lord Byron in Greece – His feelings – Opinions about Greece – Raises a Corps of Five hundred Men – His difficulties with the mutinous Suliotes – Altercations with Col. Stanhope – Lord Byron’s services to Greece – His Expenses – Intentions – His Death – Honours paid to his memory.

Chapter II.
The Islanders gain the ascendancy;  and the Presidency of Conduriofti becomes secure – Preceedings of the Greek Government – Act of the 8th of June – Notice taken of it by the British Government – Repeal – Operations of the Turkish Fleet – Destruction of Ipsara – Miaulis destroys the Turkish Flotilla – Miauli’s Division returns to Hydra – Turkish Fleet attempts the Destruction of Samos – Successfully opposed by Sacturis – Naval Battle.

Chapter III.
Egyptian expedition sails for Greece – Opposed by the Greek fleet – Gallant and skilful operations of Miaulis – He beats the Egyptian fleet in several encounters – Successfully opposes its passage to Candia – Greek fleet returns home – Turkish operations by land successfully opposed by the Greeks.

BOOK FIFTH

Chapter I.
Flourishing situation of Greece – Government well established – Education – Credit abroad – Character of Conduriotti – His Administration – Character of Colletti – English Loan – Egyptian Troops land from Candia, under Ibrahim Pashaw – Enmity of Colletti to Mavrocordato

Chapter II.
President leaves Napoli with an Expedition destined to repel Ibrahim Pashaw – The latter blockades Navarino – Joannes Mavromichalis killed – Turks defeat Skurtis – Mavrocordato arrives at Skoris – Intrigues of Colletti and others, to detach the Roumeliotes from Mavrocordato – their success – Mavrocordato flies into the Interior for Reinforcements – Returns and throws himself into Palio Kastro – Attack on Sphacteria – Turks carry it – Escape of the Brig Mars – Palio Kastro surrenders – Navarino capitulates to the Turks – Miaulis attacks and burns Turkish Vessels at Modon

Chapter III.
Turkish operations in the North – Kiutahi is named to the command – Dissensions at Napoli – Colocotroni is released – Prepares to oppose Ibrahim – Ibrahim takes Nisi and Calamata – Opposed by Flesher – Defeat and death of Flesher – Ibrahim seizes the Passes Leondari – Confusion in Tripolitza – Populace flies – Town is burnt – Ibrahim advances and possesses himself of its ruins – Pushes on toward Napoli – Battle of the Mills – Ibrahim retires to Tripolitza, having burnt Argos

Chapter IV.
Necessity of discipline in the Greek army – Ulysses – Cavern of Parnassus – Greek fleet sails in two divisions – Sakturis defeats a division of the Turkish fleet at Cavo D’ Oro – Miaulis is obliged to steer toward Hydra – Returns to Candia – Attempt to burn the Turkish fleet at Suda – Massacre of Turkish prisoners at Hydra

Chapter V.
Siege of Missilonghi – Scientific operations of Kiutachi Pashaw – Character of the Greeks of Missilonghi – Cannonade and bombardment – Conduct of the women – Various assaults repulsed – Karraiskakis harasses the rear of the Turkish army – Offers of capitulation rejected by the Greeks – Letter of Lambro Veicos – General attack by the Turks – Gallant defence – Miaulis appears to the relief of the place – Driven off by the Turkish fleet – Intrigues of foreigners at Napoli – General Roche – Proceedings of Ibrahim Pashaw – Attempt to burn the Turkish fleet in Alexandria

Chapter VI.
Alarm of the Greek Government – Flourishing situation of Eastern Greece – Devastation of some of the provinces of the Peloponessus – Greek fleet – Egyptian fleet brings reinforcements to Ibrahim – Progress of the siege of Missilonghi – The efforts of Kiutahi Pashaw defeated – He retires – Resolution of the Missilonghiotes – Turkish fleet arrives before Missilonghi – Vain efforts of Miaulis to throw provisions into Missilonghi – Ibrahim Pashaw commences his operations against Missilonghi – State of that town

BOOK SIXTH

Chapter I.
Prospects of the Greeks at the Opening of 1826 – Embarrassment of the Government – Call for a new National Assembly – Progress of the Siege of Missilonghi – Relieved by Miaulis – Letter of Miaulis – Regular Troops under Col. Favier – Expedition of Negropont – Favier is defeated – Danger of his Troops – Relieved by Ipsariote and Hydriote vessels

Chapter II.
Progress of the siege of Missilonghi – Assault - Turks repulsed – Garrison makes a sortie – Ibrahim prepares to attack the islands in the harbour of Missilonghi – Takes Vasiladi – Noultma – Anatolico – Gallant defence of Clissova – Distress of the garrison – Miaulis appears – Is unable to force the blockade – Resolution of the garrison – Last hours of Missilonghi – Steps taken by the Greek Government – Attempt to revolutionize Candia – Greeks take the fortress of Grabousi – Result of the Candiote expedition

Chapter III.
National Assembly appoint a commission to regulae the affairs of the country – Character of the members of the new government – Of Zaimis – Of Petre Mavromichalis – Of Siseni – Of Dillyani – Of Triedepi – Movements of Ibrahim Pashaw – Operations of Kiutahi Pashaw – Commences the siege of Athens – Exertions at Napoli to raise money – Geunadio – Piracies – Obsertion on

Chapter IV.
Proceedings of Ibrahim Pashaw – Attempts to penetrate the District of Maina – Is repulsed – Kiutahi continues the Siege of Athens – Battle Gaidari – Col. Favier with the Regulars is beaten – Kiutahi takes the lower Town of Athens – Greeks shut themselves up in the Acropolis – Action between the Turkish and Greek Fleets – Events in the months of September and October

Chapter V.
Proceedings of Ibrahim Pashaw – Distresses of Greece – Operations of Kiutahi – Death of Gourah – Civil dissensions among the Greeks – Arrival of the Steam Corvette, Perseverance – Continuation of Siege of Athens – Relieved by Colonel Favier – Expedition of Talanda – Judicious Operations of Karraiskakis – Disputes about the place for the meeting of the National Assembly

BOOK SEVENTH

Chapter I.
Condition of Greece at the opening of this year – Distress prevalent – Want of money – Examination of the management of the London Greek committee – Of the Greek deputies – Abominable waste of the Greek loan – Speculations and peculations of British Philhellenes – Present state of Turkey

Chapter II.
Siege of Athens continued – Success of Karraiskakis – Plan for relieving Athens – Colonel Gordon takes position at Piraeus – Defeat of the Greeks under Bourbakis – His capture and murder – Kiutahi Pashaw attacks Colonel Gordon – is repulsed – Heidegger’s expedition to Onopos – Arrival of Lord Cochrane – National Assembly – Cochrane takes the duties of Admiral – General Church appointed Commander-in-Chief – Capo D’Istria chosen President – Character of Lord Cochrane – Steamboat expedition

Chapter III.
Attempts of Gen. Church and Lord Cochrane to relieve Athens – Monastery taken – Massacre of Turkish Prisoners – Death of Karraiskakis – Greeks defeated on the 6th of May – Bad results of that Defeat – Character of Gen. Church – First Cruize of Lord Cochrane

Chapter IV.  
Progress of the siege of Athens – Terms of capitulation are proposed – Garrison accepts them, and surrenders the Acropolis into the hands of the Turks – Distresses of Greece – Civil disturbances – Colocotroni attacks Napoli by night – Sale of Corinth – Proceedings of Lord Cochrane – Naval battle in the gulf of Salona




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